Fuel injection apparatus



July 7, 1959 A. E. HUSE FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS Filed March 16, 1956 INVENTOR. ARTHUR E. HUSE 2 ArraP/vc'Y.

United States Pate FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS Arthur E. Huse, Springfield, Mass, assignor to American Bosch Arma Corporation, a corporation of New York Application March 16,1956, Serial No. 571,981 8 Claims. (Cl. 261-37) This invention relates to fuel injection apparatus and has particular reference to 'a new and improved fuel injection system of the non-timed type for spark ignition type internal combustion engines, which system is relatively simple and economical in construction, yet eificient in operation.

An object of the invention is to provide a new and improved mass air flow control for fuel injection systems of the type set forth, and also a system wherein the necessity of metering of injection pumps is eliminated.

In the drawing is shown in Fig. 1 a schematic view of a fuel injection system embodying the invention. In Fig. 2 is shown the arrangement of one of the nozzles in the intake manifold.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, the system shown embodying the invention comprises a source of fuel such as a tank 10, to which is connected the fuel pump 11 by the fuel line 12. The fuel pump 11 can be of any desired type, as it serves merely to maintain fuel in the system and, therefore, this pump is preferably of a relatively economical type, such as a gear pump or a diaphragm pump.

The fuel filter 13 is connected to the pump 11 by means of the fuel line 14, and the pressure relief valve 15 is provided to maintain fuel under pressure in the system.

From the fuel filter 13 fuel is adapted to pass through the fuel line 16 to fuel passage 17 in member 18. In member 18 is provided the metering valve 19 mounted for reciprocation in transverse bore 20, and having the metering edge or groove 21. The valve 19 is interposed inthe fuel passage 17 and is adapted to be reciprocated relative thereto for controlling the quantity of fuel passing through passage 17.

- Fuel passage 17 is adapted to be connected by line 22 to flow divider or distributor 23, which may be of any suitable type, for example, the type shown in application of S. E. Miller, Serial No. 527,096, filed August 8, 1955, and for the purpose of illustration, this has been shown merely as a fuel manifoldhavingthe fuel lines 24 extending therefrom, to each of which is adapted to be connected a nozzle of suitable type, and the nozzles are each adapted to extend into the engine manifold adjacent the intake valve of one of the cylinders, whereby the fuel is delivered to the manifold adjacent the respective cylinders.

interposed in'the fuel passage 17 on fuel line 20 between the metering valve 19 and flow divider 23 is the fuel calibrating orifice 25, which is a restricted passage as hereinafter described.

The metering valve 19 has the pressure actuated members or diaphragms 26 and 27 connected to its opposite ends respectively in chambers formed by the members 28 and 29 respectively with the adjacent ends of the member 18.

The chamber 30 between diaphragm 26 and member 28 is adapted to be vented to atmospheric pressure, whereas chamber 21 between diaphragm member 26 and the adjacent wall of member 18 is connected by line 32 to Venturl 33 in the throttle body 34 on the manifold 35,

whereby the air pressure in chamber 31 will be controlled by suction created by air passage through Venturi 33.

Chamber 36 between diaphragm 27 and the adjacent wall of member 18 is connected by line 37 to manifold 35, whereby air pressure in. chamber 36 is controlled by I suction created by air passing through the manifold, and

chamber 38 between diaphragm 27 and member 29 is connected through line 39 to passage 17 on the side of calibrating orifice 25 remote from metering valve 19.

In throttle body 34 is positioned the butterfly valves 40, which are connected-by linkage 41 to foot throttle- 42, and in air throttle shaft 42a is provided passage 43 which is adapted to be out of register with line 39 at part throttle, and to be in register with said line at full load to increase the fuel quantity at that time, but serving to reduce the fuel quantity at part loads.

In the present system, 'the metering is accomplished,

by the air flow through the Ventun 33 in throttle body 34, which tends to urge diaphragm 26, and fuel through line 43 from passage 17 enters chamber 38 while atmospheric pressure is contained in chamber 30, and the pressure in chamber 36 is controlled by manifold pressure,

and thus air flow is balanced against fuel flow.

When the pressure drop across the orifice 25 is low, the

diaphragms, move the metering valve in the direction to.

; Venturi 33 and atmospheric pressure in chamber 30.

At part throttle, that is, at less than wide open throttle, there is no fuel passing through line 39a to line 39, but at wide open throttlethe passage 43 in the throttle shaft connects line 39a and line 39 to allow the passage of some fuel from line 39 to line 39a in addition to the amount passing through member 25 and the pressure drop across orifice 25 becomes less, thus causing diaphragm 27 to have less force in a direction to oppose diaphragm 26 and allowing the metering valve to be moved to a position whereby a greater quantity of fuel is permitted to be supplied to the engine.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that I have provided new and improved means for obtaining all of the objects and advantages of the invention.

I claim: T

1. In a device of the character described, a fuel pump, fuel flow divider means adapted to receive fuel from said fuel pump and supply said fuel separately from the air to a plurality of separate outlets, fuel metering means in the fuel path between said fuel pump and said flow divider means, a fuel measuring orifice in the fuel path between said metering valve 'and said flow divider means, and means for providing additional fuel at wide open throttle condition, said means comprising a valve operatively connected to the air throttle lever and actuated thereby.

2. In a device of the character described, a fuel pump, fuel flow divider means adapted to receive fuel from said fuel pump and supply said fuel separately from the air to a plurality of separate outlets, fuel metering means'in the fuel path between said fuel pump and said flow divider means, a fuel measuring orifice in the fuel path between said metering valve and said flow divider means, and means for controlling said metering valve as a function of air flow and fuel flow, and means for providing additional fuel at wide open throttle condition, said means comprising a valve operatively connected to the air throttle lever and actuated thereby.

3. In a device of the character described, a fuel pump, fuel flow divider means adapted to receive fuel from said fuel pump and supply said fuel separately from the air to a plurality of separate outlets, fuel metering means in the fuel path between said fuel pump and said flow divider means, a fuel measuring orifice in the fuel path between said metering valve and said flow divider means, and means for controlling said metering valve as a function of air flow and fuel flow, and means for providing additional fuel at wide open throttle condition, and an air throttle operatively connected to said means for providing additional fuel for actuating said means.

4. In a device of the character described for use with an internal combustion engine having an intake manifold, a source of fuel, a fuel pump adapted to receive fuel from said source of fuel, a fuel flow divider adapted to receive fuel from said fuel pump and distribute said fuel to a plurality of outlets, said outlets each being connected to the intake manifold and adapted to discharge fuel therein, a metering valve in the fuel path between said fuel pump and flow divider means, a metering orifice in the fuel path between said metering valve and said flow divider means, and opposed pressure actuated means operably connected to said metering valve for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered through said metering orifice, said pressure actuated means being subject to control by opposed fuel and air pressures for controlling said metering valve and comprising a plurality of pressure actuated members connected to and adapted to actuate said metering valve, one of said pressure actuated members having its opposite sides subjected to a pneumatic pressure differential consisting of atmospheric pressure and throttle body pressure respectively and the other of said members having its opposite sides subjected to fuel pressure upstream of said metering orifice and downstream of said metering orifice respectively.

5. In a device of the character described for use with an internal combustion engine having an intake manifold, a source of fuel, a fuel pump adapted to receive fuel from said source of fuel, a fuel flow divider adapted to receive fuel from said fuel pump and distribute said fuel to a plurality of outlets, said outlets each being connected to the intake manifold and adapted to discharge fuel therein, a metering valve in the fuel path between said fuel pump and flow divider means, a metering orifice in the fuel path between said metering valve and said flow divider means, and opposed pressure actuated means operably connected to said metering valve for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered through said metering orifice, said pressure actuated means being subject to control by opposed fuel and air pressures for controlling said metering valve and comprising a plurality of pressure actuated members connected to and adapted to actuate said metering valve, one of said pressure actuated members having its opposite sides subjected to a pneumatic pressure differential consisting of atmospheric pressure and throttle body pressure respectively and the other of said members having its opposite sides subjected to fuel pressure upstream of said metering orifice and downstream of said metering orifice respec tively, and means for providing additional fuel at substantially full load, said means comprising a valve operativcly connected to the air throttle lever and actuated thereby.

6. In a device of the character desribed for use with an internal combustion engine 'having'an intake manifold, a source of fuel, a fuel pump adapted to receive fuel from said source of fuel, a fuel flow divider adapted to receive 4 fuel from said fuel pump and distribute said fuel to a plurality of outlets, a metering valve in the fuel path be tween said fuel pump and flow divider means, a metering orifice in the fuel path between said metering valve and said flow divider means, and opposed pressure actuated means operably connected to said metering valve for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered through said metering orifice, said pressure actuated means being subject to control by opposed fuel and air pressures for controlling said metering valve, and means for providing additional fuel at substantially full load and an air throttle operatively connected to said means for providing additional fuel for actuating said means, said means comprising a valve operatively connected to the air throttle lever and actuated thereby.

7. In a device of the character described, a source of fuel, a fuel pump adapted to receive fuel from said source of fuel, a fuel flow divider adapted to receive fuel from said fuel pump and distribute said fuel to a plurality of outlets, a metering valve in the fuel path between said fuel pump and flow divider means, a metering orifice in the fuel path between said metering valve and said flow divider means, and opposed pressure actuated means operably connected to said metering valve for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered through said metering orifice, said pressure actuated means being subject to control by opposed fuel and air pressures for controlling said metering valve, and means for providing additional fuel at substantially full load, one of said pressure actuated means being subjected on its opposite .sides to atmospheric pressure and throttle body Venturi suction, and the other of said pressure actuated means being subjected on its opposite sides to manifold pressure and fuel pressure at the inlet side of said orifice, said means comprising a valve operatively connected to the air throttle lever and actuated thereby.

8. In a device of the character described, a source of fuel, a fuel pump adapted to receive fuel from said fuel (pump and distribute said fuel to a plurality of outlets, flow divider means, a metering valve in the fuel path between said fuel pump and fuel flow divider means, a metering orifice in the fuel path between said metering valve and said flow divider means, and opposed pressure actuated means operably connected to said metering valve for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered through said metering orifice, said pressure actuated means being subject to control by opposed fuel and air pressures for controlling said metering valve, and means for providing additional fuel at substantially full load, and an air throttle operatively connected to said means for providing additional fuel for actuating said means, said means comprising a valve operatively connected to the air throttle lever and actuated thereby.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,109,260 Chandler et al Feb. 22, 1938 2,361,228 Mock Oct. 24, 1944 2,445,098 Wirth July 13, 1948 2,574,670 Sweeney Nov. 13, 19.51 2,730,339 Prresnell Jan. 10, 1956 

